Interaction between Humans and the Environment – Demography and disease, Migration, Patterns of settlement, Technology Development and Interaction of Cultures – Religions, Belief systems, Science and technology, The arts and architecture State-building, Expansion, and Conflict – Political structures and forms of governance, Empires, Nations and nationalism, Revolts and revolutions, Regional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizations Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems – Agricultural and pastoral production, Trade and commerce, Labor systems, Industrialization, Capitalism and socialism Development and Transformation of Social Structures – Gender roles and relations, Family and kinship, Racial and ethnic constructions, Social and economic classes
South Asia (India)
British Colonization
Started in Bengal
East India Company
wants resources (tea, sugar, spices, silk)
Robert Clive-
get rid of the French presence in India
Weak Mughals
Administrative Headquarters
British law/Centralized Authority for more conquest (Sri Lanka/Afghanistan)
Sepoys- Indian soldiers employed by the British
Sepoy Revolt
for religious dietary law (bullet cartridges greased with pork/beef fat)
Fall of the Mughals
completely controlled by the British
Upper-caste Indians- Anglicized
taught English and adopted English customs
Loss of Indian customs, traditions, and heritage
Exploitation
raw materials out of India- finished products back to India
Indian National Congress
educated Indians fighting for Independence
Revolution against British Occupation
Maintain Indian identity while adapting to Western power
China
Isolation
Strict control over trading practices
West only allowed to trade in Canton
Europe- bullied their way into trade with China
1773- Europe introduces opium to the Chinese
1839-1842 Opium Wars
Treaty of Nanjing
British have the right to expand into China- Opium addicts
Hong Kong=British possession
Allow Christian missionaries
Second Opium War- 1856-1860
Led to China being open to all of Europe for trade
Occupation is different- focused on trade purposes
not establishing colonies
China- advanced and global powe
Perceived as weak and easy to target
Chinese people themselves thought the government was weak
White Lotus Rebellion
Angry Buddhists (corrupt government officials/high and "unjust" taxes)
Taiping Rebellion
Religious Zealots recruit millions
Rebels bring down Manchu government
Korea declared independence against China
Failed Self-Strengthening Movement
Sino-French War
China's weakness=loss of Vietnam
Sino-Japanese War
Japan's imperial power and might
Treaty of Shimoneski- grants trading rights
sphere of influence=France, Germany, Russia and Britain control- NOT COLONIES- military bases/business
Manchu/Qing Dynasty
Weak and collapsed under European pressure
Japan
Matthew Perry
arrives in steamboat
Disturbs Japanese
Militarily and technologically inferior
Unable to compete/protect oneself
Convention of Kanagawa
forces Japan up to trade with the unites States
Era of Seclusion
The Meiji Restoration
Technological improvements and military advancements
Winning military conflicts between Russian and China
Rituals returning to Japanese cultural roots allow for national identity
Development and Interaction of Cultures – Religions, Belief systems, Science and technology, The arts and architecture
State-building, Expansion, and Conflict – Political structures and forms of governance, Empires, Nations and nationalism, Revolts and revolutions, Regional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizations
Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems – Agricultural and pastoral production, Trade and commerce, Labor systems, Industrialization, Capitalism and socialism
Development and Transformation of Social Structures – Gender roles and relations, Family and kinship, Racial and ethnic constructions, Social and economic classes
South Asia (India)
China
Japan